Țara(country)	Naționalitatea (nationality)Masculin / feminin	Limba (language)
Australia	australian / australiancă	engleză
Brazilia	brazilian / braziliancă	portugheză
Canada	canadian / canadiancă	engleză, franceză
China	chinez / chinezoaică	chineză
Danemarca	danez / daneză	daneză
Finlanda	finlandez / finlandeză	finlandeză
Franța	francez / frantuzoaică	franceză
Germania	neamt / nemțoaică	germană
Grecia	grec / grecoaică	daneză
India	indian / indiancă	hindi, engleză
Italia	italian / italiancă	italiană
Japonia	japonez / japoneză	japoneză
Marea Britanie	englez / englezoaică	engleză
Norvegia	norvegian / norvegiancă	norvegiană
Polonia	polonez / poloneză	poloneză
Portugalia	portughez / portugheză	portugheză
Romania	român / româncă	română
Spania	spaniol / spanioloaică/	spaniolă
Statele Unite ale Americii	american / americancă	engleză
Turcia	turc / turcoaică	turcă

Note:Adjectives expressing nationalities always have different forms in the masculine and in the feminine. In Romanian, all the nouns referring to languages are feminine words, having the ending "-ă”

Numbers

• 0 zero
• 1 unu, una
• 2 doi, două
• 3 trei
• 4 patru
• 5 cinci
• 6 şase
• 7 şapte
• 8 opt
• 9 nouă
• 10 zece
• 11 unsprezece
• 12 doisprezece/,douăsprezece
• 13 treisprezece
• 14 paisprezece
• 15 cincisprezece
• 16 şaisprezece
• 17 şaptesprezece
• 18 optsprezece
• 19 nouăsprezece
• 20 douăzeci

Note that in colloquial speech the -sprezece ending is shortened to -şpe:
unşpe, doişpe, douăşpe, treişpe, paişpe, cinşpe, şaişpe, şapteşpe, optşpe, nouăşpe.
21 douăzeci şi unu, douăzeci şi una
22 douăzeci şi doi, douăzeci şi două
23 douăzeci şi trei
24 douăzeci şi patru
etc.
30 treizeci
31 treizeci şi unu, treizeci şi una
32 treizeci şi doi, treizeci şi două
33 treizeci şi trei
etc.
The numbers up to 100 follow the same pattern. The multiples of ten from 40 to 90 are:
40 patruzeci
50 cincizeci
60 şaizeci
70 şaptezeci
80 optzeci
90 nouăzeci
100 o sută

Practice

1.Scrieti pronumele corespunzator alaturi de numele de mai jos: (Write the corresponding pronoun next to the names - EL, EA, El, ELE -:)
John………..
Maria și Ina……….
Susan…………….
Adriana și Erika……….
Jane………….
Adriana și Ioana……….
Diana…………..
Paul și George……..

2. Completati spatiile libere cu forma corecta a verbului A Fl: (Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb to be:)
I. Eu……….Liliana.
2.Tu ……. John ?
3.Ea…… din Romania.
4.Noi…….„din Grecia.
5. Ei…….. Mihai și Irina
6. El ………din Turcia.
7. Voi……….din Anglia?
8. Ele………. din Ungaria

3.Fill in according to the model
1.Eu sunt din România.Eu sunt româncă.
2.Tu ești din Italia.Tu……..
3.El este din Grecia. El……..
4.Heike este din Germania.Ea…….
5.Pedro este din Spania.El …….
6.Pierre este din Franța.El……
7.Irem este din Turcia.Ea……
8.Michael este din America.El…..
9.Jane este din Anglia.Ea……
10.Don este din Australia.El…….

4.Say which country you are from and which nationality.

5. Construiti propoziții folosind cuvintele date: (Make up sentences using the words given):
1.Anglia / ești / din / tu
. 2. Unde / este / de / el?
3.Cheamă / te / cum?
4. Cinci / ora / este.
5.Bine / pare /Îmi
6. Cheamă / Anca/Mă
7.Ea/turcoaică/este.
8.Sunteți/de/voi/unde?
9.Cum/ cheamă /te?
10.Vă/numiți/cum?

6.Translate de previous sentences into English.

7.Write the following numbers

24………………
17………………
64………………
80………………
32………………
49……………
50……………
78………………
12………………
100……………

A Glimpse of Romanian Culture:

Language:

Romanian is the official language, which has Latin roots dating back to the Roman occupation of the region, but also includes vocabulary from Greek, Slavic languages, and Turkish. The country acquired the Cyrillic s in the fourteenth century, but later reverted to Roman letters. Serbian, Ukrainian, Slovak, Czech, Bulgarian, and Turkish, as well as Magyar (the language of ethnic Hungarians), are spoken. The Roma population's primary language is Romany, while many Roma also speak Romanian.Symbolism. The flag consists of blue, yellow, and red vertical stripes that symbolize Transylvania, Moldavia, and Walachia, respectively. The coat of arms, adopted in 1992, consists of a gold eagle against a blue background holding a cross in its beak, a sword in one claw, and a scepter in the other. Emblazoned on the eagle's chest are the symbols of the five provinces: Walachia, Moldavia, Transylvania, Banat, and Dobruja.

History and Ethnic Relations

The Birth of a Nation.

Dacians were the first known inhabitants of modern-day Romania. In 106 C.E., the Roman Empire conquered them. The Roman occupation of the region lasted only until 271 but left a lasting impression. Many Romans lingered and intermarried with the Dacians, influencing the region's culture and language.
Various tribes from the north, including the Magyars and the Saxons, invaded the country from the 200s to the 1100s. The northern region became Transylvania, the southern region became Walachia, and the eastern region became Moldavia. Walachia and Moldavia were repeatedly invaded by the Ottoman Empire in the 14 and 15 century. They eventually fell around 1500 and were ruled by the Turks for over 300 years. In 1601, Prince Michael the Brave unified the principalities of Moldavia, Walachia, and Transylvania for the first time. Romania maintained some sovereignty during Michael's reign, but following his death, the Turks regained control of the territory. They dominated through corrupt Greek officials who took advantage of their position.
A sequence of Russian victories undermined the Ottoman Empire in the late 1700s and early 1800s. An insurrection in Walachia against the Greek overlords in 1821 resulted in the execution of Romanian leader Tudor Vladimirescu, fueling nationalist sentiment. The Treaty of Adrianpolie, signed in 1829, replaced Greek rule with Russian rule. The Russians retreated in 1834. Prince Alexander Cuza was elected monarch of an unified Moldavia and Walachia in 1859, and the country was called Romania three years later (then spelled Rumania). Cuza tried to redistribute land and improve the poor's living conditions, but his initiatives were unpopular with the upper class.
In 1866, Cuza was forced to resign and was replaced by Prince Carol. In 1877, Carol led a successful joint revolt of Romanian and Russian troops against the Turks. The Congress of Berlin of 1879 marked the end of Turkish domination. Romania became a kingdom in 1881, and Prince Carol was crowned king.
Despite the country's independence, the majority of the population's situation remained unaltered. Growing resentment sparked a peasant insurrection in 1907, which saw the nobility's country estates set ablaze. The army put down the insurrection, murdering ten thousand people in the process.
King Carol died in 1914, and Ferdinand I took his place. Romania entered World War I two years later, fighting alongside the Allies against the Axis countries (Austria-Hungary and Germany in particular). After the war, the Trianon Treaty united Moldavia and Walachia with Transylvania, Banat, Bessarabia (modern-day Moldova), and Bucovina, doubling the country's size (today in southern Ukraine). In the years following World War I, a fascist movement known as the Iron Guard grew in popularity in response to communist Soviet Union threats and mounting unemployment. Carol II, Ferdinand's son, succeeded him in 1930 after his death in 1927. The opposition was put down by Carol II using military force. In 1938, he outlawed political parties and their leaders. Carol II was compelled to surrender major areas of the nation to Russia and Hungary when World War II broke out. In 1940, his son Michael succeeded to the throne, although Marshal Ion Antonescu ended up with the real power. The nation joined the German forces in the 1941 invasion of the Soviet Union in an endeavor to reclaim Soviet-occupied lands.
(https://www.everyculture.com/No-Sa/Romania.html)